Definition of Anisometropia Anisometropia: The condition in which the two eyes have unequal refractive power. One eye may be myopic (nearsighted) and the other hyperopic (farsighted) or one eye may be markedly stronger than the other. Anisometropia is a serious concern in newborns and young children because it can lead to amblyopia (impaired …
Read More »Adrenoleukodystrophy – Overview and Diagnosis
Overview Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a genetic condition that damages the membrane (myelin sheath) that covers nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. Myelin acts as insulation around the nerve fibers. When this insolating layer is damaged, nerve signals from the brain cannot communicate across the body properly, causing impaired …
Read More »Aplastic Anemia – Classification, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Definition Aplastic anemia (AA) can be inherited or acquired. Inherited forms usually present during the first decade of life, but in rare cases may manifest in adulthood. It is a rare blood disorder in which it occurs when a child’s bone marrow produces too few of the three types of …
Read More »Aphakia – Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment.
What is called Aphakia? Aphakia is a condition in which you’re missing the lens of one or both of your eyes. You can be born that way or lose the lens due to an injury. Or your doctor might remove it during an operation for cataracts. When you have aphakia, …
Read More »Acid Lipase Disease – Description, Causes, and Risk Factors.
Description Acid lipase disease or deficiency occurs when the enzyme needed to break down certain fats that are normally digested by the body is lacking or missing, resulting in the toxic buildup of these fats in the body’s cells and tissues. These fatty substances, called lipids, include fatty acids, oils, …
Read More »Ataxia Telangiectasia – Pathophysiology and Management.
What is ataxia-telangiectasia? Ataxia telangiectasia (AT) is a complex genetic neurodegenerative disorder that may become apparent during infancy or early childhood. The disorder is characterized by progressively impaired coordination of voluntary movements (ataxia), the development of reddish lesions of the skin and mucous membranes due to permanent widening of groups …
Read More »Arthrogryposis – Types, Risk Factors and Treatment
Definition Arthrogryposis, also known as arthrogryposis multiplex congenita or AMC, is a birth defect in which a child has various joints that are tight (contracted) with decreased motion, stiffness, deformity, and difficulty with function. The incidence for this is one in 3,000 live births. It is not a progressive disorder. …
Read More »Aicardi syndrome – Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment
Definition Aicardi syndrome is a disorder that occurs almost exclusively in females. It is characterized by three main features that occur together in most affected individuals. People with this syndrome have absent or underdeveloped tissue connecting the left and right halves of the brain (agenesis or dysgenesis of the corpus …
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