Introduction The pelvic inflammatory disease is the inflammation of female reproductive organs such as the uterus, ovaries, cervix, endometrium, and the fallopian tubes, due to the infection of sexually transmitted bacteria. Sometimes it also caused by the normal bacteria present in the vagina. This bacterium enters via the vagina and …
Read More »Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) – Types, Causes and Treatment
What is Placenta Accreta Spectrum? Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) refers to a group of obstetric complications involving abnormal attachment of the placenta to the uterine wall. The condition arises when the placenta invades and attaches itself too deeply into the uterine wall, making it difficult to separate during childbirth. PAS …
Read More »Pseudobulbar Affect (PBA) – Overview, Causes and Prevention
Overview Pseudobulbar affect (PBA), also known as emotional incontinence, is a neurological condition characterized by involuntary and uncontrollable episodes of laughing or crying that are exaggerated or unrelated to the person’s emotional state. People with PBA may find themselves laughing or crying suddenly and inappropriately, even when they do not …
Read More »Phlebitis – Types, Causes, Symptoms and Diagnosis
What is Phlebitis? Phlebitis, also known as vein inflammation, is a medical condition characterized by the inflammation of a superficial vein, typically close to the surface of the skin. This inflammation occurs when a blood clot forms within the affected vein, leading to swelling, pain, and redness in the area. …
Read More »Patellar Tendinitis – Types, Complications and Treatment
Definition Patellar tendinitis is an inflammation of the tendon that attaches the patella (kneecap) to the tibia (shin bone). The most common tendinitis about the knee is irritation of the patellar tendon. Commonly called “jumper’s knee”. This condition is commonly seen in people who play basketball, volleyball, distance running, long-jumping, …
Read More »Peritonsillar Abscess – Pathophysiology, Causes and Prevention
Definition Peritonsillar abscess, or Quinsy are typically a complication of tonsillitis. They most often are caused by “strep throat” bacteria (group A beta-hemolytic streptococci). The peritonsillar space lies between each tonsil and the wall of the throat. An infection can cause a pus-filled swelling (abscess) to develop in this space. …
Read More »Pneumococcal Disease – Introduction, Causes, and Treatment
What is Pneumococcal Disease? Pneumococcal disease is an infection caused by bacteria called Streptococcus pneumoniae (also known as pneumococcus). It’s contagious and may cause severe illness, so early diagnosis and treatment is important. Pneumococcal disease can affect many different systems in your body. It may result in conditions with mild symptoms like …
Read More »Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM) – Overview
What is primary amoebic meningoencephalitis? Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), also called amoebic meningitis, is a serious illness. It causes inflammation of the brain. An amoeba (Naegleria fowleri) causes PAM. The amoebas live in warm, fresh water and soil. Infection often happens during water-based recreational activities. Although many people have contact with the …
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