congenital disorders

Goldenhar Syndrome – Types, Complications and Symptoms

Overview of Goldenhar Syndrome Goldenhar syndrome, also known as oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (OAVS), is a rare congenital disorder characterized by a wide range of developmental abnormalities that typically affect the face, ears, and spine. Named after the 19th-century German ophthalmologist Dr. Maurice Goldenhar, this condition is present at birth and can …

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Micrognathia – Types, Causes and Treatment

What is Micrognathia? Micrognathia is a condition where the jaw is undersized. It is also sometimes called “mandibular hypoplasia”. This condition is common during infancy. It however is usually self-correcting during growth with a gradual increase in the size of the mandible to normal size. Since the jaw size discrepancy …

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Arthrogryposis – Types, Risk Factors and Treatment

Definition Arthrogryposis, also known as arthrogryposis multiplex congenita or AMC, is a birth defect in which a child has various joints that are tight (contracted) with decreased motion, stiffness, deformity, and difficulty with function. The incidence for this is one in 3,000 live births. It is not a progressive disorder. …

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