Definition Failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) refers to chronic back or neck pain, with or without extremity pain, that can occur if a spine surgery does not achieve the desired result. Contributing factors to pain that returns following spine surgery include but are not limited to recurrent disc herniation, further …
Read More »Broken Nose or Nasal fracture – Types, Complications and Prevention
Definition Broken nose or nasal fracture is a fracture (crack or break) of the nasal bones. In most cases, there is also some damage to nearby nasal cartilage, particularly the nasal septum, the flexible partition that divides the left and right sides of the nose. Because the nose has such …
Read More »Anterior cruciate ligament injury – Anatomy, Treatment, and Prevention
Definition Anterior cruciate ligament injury passes in front of another ligament, the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). The cruciate ligaments get their name from the fact they form a cross within the knee as they run in different directions from the thigh to the shin bone. Along with the other ligaments …
Read More »Bone spurs – Types, Complications, Diagnosis and Remedies
Definition Bone spurs also called osteophytes, are outgrowths of bone that develop along the edges of bones, often where two or more bones meet. They can form in the back, hip, sole, or heel of the foot, spine, neck, shoulder, or knee. Most bone spurs are caused by tissue damage …
Read More »Bursitis – Types, Causes, Treatment and Prevention
Definition Bursitis is a painful condition that happens when you have inflammation of a bursa. Bursae are small fluid-filled pads (or sacs) found near your joints. They act like cushions, reducing friction by allowing tendons and muscles to move smoothly over bones and other structures. One of the most common …
Read More »Hammer Toe – Causes, Treatment, Diagnosis and Prevention
Definition Hammer toe is a painful foot deformity where the toe is bent at the middle joint. This condition resembles the head of a hammer, hence its nickname. The toe’s abnormal bending is the result of an imbalance in the muscles, ligaments, and tendons that usually keep the toe straight. …
Read More »Flat Feet- Overview, Types, Causes and Treatment
Definition Flat Feet (also known as pes planus) describes a condition in which the longitudinal (lengthwise) and/or medial (crosswise) arches of the foot are dropped down or flat. The entire bottom of the barefoot is in contact with the floor or ground surface during standing, walking, and other weight-bearing activities. …
Read More »Morton’s Neuroma- Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and Prevention
Definition A Morton’s Neuroma is a benign (noncancerous) swelling along a nerve in the foot that carries sensations from the toes. The reason the nerve starts to swell is unknown. But once swelling begins, the nearby bones and ligaments put pressure on the nerve, causing more irritation and inflammation. This …
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